Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of carotenoids?

Carotenoids are indeed pigments found in many plants and algae, and they play a critical role in photosynthesis by capturing light energy. They possess the capability to protect chlorophyll from photodamage, which is vital for maintaining the health of photosynthetic organisms under variability in light conditions.

The assertion that carotenoids exclusively develop in aquatic environments is incorrect. Carotenoids are widespread in various terrestrial and aquatic plants, as well as in fungi and some bacteria. This ubiquity is why the selection identifying their exclusive development in aquatic ecosystems is not a true characteristic of carotenoids. They are present in many land-based plants and contribute to the coloration of leaves, fruits, and flowers, indicating their broader ecological significance beyond just aquatic habitats.

In summary, the correct answer emphasizes that carotenoids are not limited to aquatic environments, underlining their presence across diverse ecosystems.